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665: Crith-thalmhainn Lisbon (2)

Litir do Luchd-ionnsachaidh - Eadar-mheadhanach Adhartach (B2)
Letter to Learners - Upper Intermediate (B2)

Litir sheachdaineach do luchd-ionnsachaidh le clàr-fuaime, tar-sgrìobhadh is mìneachadh. A weekly letter to Gaelic learners with audio, transcription and explanation.

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Crith-thalmhainn Lisbon (2)

Gaelic Gàidhlig

Bidh seiche a’ nochdadh ann an Loch Nis bho àm gu àm. Nise, ma tha sibh a’ leughadh seo, gun a bhith ag èisteachd ris, tha eagal orm gum bi sibh a’ smaoineachadh gu bheil mi a’ ciallachadh ‘seiche’ – craiceann beathaich. Ach chan eil. Ged a tha an aon litreachadh orra, tha mi a’ ciallachadh an fhacail seiche ann am Fraingis na h-Eilbheis.

Tha cuid a’ cumail a-mach gur e seiche as coireach ri cuid de na h-aithrisean mu uilebheist Loch Nis. ’S e a th’ ann tuinn mhòr’ a nochdas ann an loch air sàilleabh na gaoithe aig aon cheann dheth. Ma bhios a’ ghaoth a’ tighinn gu làidir bhon iar-dheas, bidh i a’ putadh an uisge air uachdar Loch Nis thar fad an locha. Nuair a bhuaileas an tonn ceann thall an locha, thig e air ais a-rithist. Bidh uachdar an uisge a’ dol air ais ’s air adhart mar sin airson greis.

Chì sibh an aon seòrsa rud anns an amar aig an taigh. Putaibh an t-uisge gu aon cheann dheth. Thig an t-uisge air ais a-rithist, agus bidh e a’ luasgadh a-null ’s a-nall bhon dàrna ceann gu ceann eile an amair airson ùine mus tig an gluasad gu crìch.

Chan e a’ ghaoth a-mhàin as coireach ri seiche. Faodaidh crithean-talmhainn an aon rud adhbharachadh. Eadhon ged nach bi daoine a’ faireachdainn gluasad anns an talamh, faodaidh buaidh na crithe a bhith ri a faicinn ann an uisge. Anns an Litir an t-seachdain sa chaidh, bha mi ag innse dhuibh mun bhuaidh a thug Crith-thalmhainn Mhòr Lisbon air dùthchannan eile anns an Roinn Eòrpa. Bha sin ann an seachd ceud deug, caogad ’s a còig (1755). Bha seiches ann an grunn àiteachan. Am measg sin, bha Loch Nis.

Tha aithrisean ann gun do dh’èirich uachdar an locha gu trì troighean na b’ àirde na ’n ìre a b’ àirde a ruigeadh e le tuiltean an Earraich. Ann an Cille Chuimein, chaidh bàta a bha làn fiodha a sguabadh às an loch, agus fhàgail air tìr. Ge-tà, ’s e aon rud nach do thachair gun robh aithrisean ann mu Niseag – uilebheist Loch Nis – ann an co-cheangal ris a’ chrith-thalmhainn!

B’ e sin Crith-thalmhainn Mhòr Lisbon. Ach dè mu dheidhinn crithean ann an Inbhir Nis? No anns a’ Ghleann Mhòr, far a bheil sgàineadh chreagan ann ris an canar “The Great Glen Fault”? Uill, chan eil iad a’ tachairt ach ainneamh. Chan eil Sgàineadh a’ Ghlinne Mhòir mar a tha Sgàineadh ainmeil San Andreas ann an California, gu fortanach dhuinn. Mar as trice, bidh meadhan na crithe pìos mòr a-mach à baile Inbhir Nis. Ach corra uair bha crithean-talmhainn ann, far an robh meadhan na crithe gu math faisg air a’ bhaile.

’S dòcha gur iad an dà eisimpleir as fheàrr dhiubh – an fheadhainn a thachair ann an ochd ceud deug is sia-deug (1816) agus ann an naoi ceud deug ’s a h-aon (1901). Tha na h-eòlaichean dhen bheachd gun robh meadhan na ciad tè siar air Inbhir Nis agus gun robh meadhan na dàrna tè ann an Dabhach Gairbheach, dìreach seachd cilemeatair a-mach às a’ bhaile.

Agus cuin a thig an ath chrith-thalmhainn a bhuaileas air Inbhir Nis? Uill, ’s e an fhìrinn a th’ ann nach eil fhios againn.

Faclan na Litreach: seiche (Swiss French): oscillating wave; seiche (Gaelic): animal hide; crith-thalmhainn: earthquake; Cille Chuimein: Fort Augustus; Niseag: Nessie.

Abairtean na Litreach: tha cuid a’ cumail a-mach: some people maintain; as coireach ri cuid de na h-aithrisean mu uilebheist Loch Nis:responsible for some of the reports about the Loch Ness monster; tuinn mhòra: big waves; air sàilleabh na gaoithe aig aon cheann:because of the wind at one end; a’ putadh an uisge air uachdar Loch Nis thar fad an locha:pushing the water on the surface of Loch Ness along the length of the loch; ceann thall: far end; air ais ’s air adhart: back and forward; faodaidh buaidh na crithe a bhith ri a faicinn: the effect of the quake can be seen; trì troighean na b’ àirde na ’n ìre a b’ àirde a ruigeadh e: three feet higher than the highest level it would reach; tuiltean an Earraich: Spring floods; far a bheil sgàineadh chreagan: where there is a geological fault; chan eil iad a’ tachairt ach ainneamh: they only happen rarely; bidh meadhan na crithe pìos mòr a-mach à: the epicentre of the quake is a good bit outside.

Puing-chànain na Litreach: a’ luasgadh a-null ’s a-nall bhon dàrna ceann gu ceann eile an amair:oscillates from one end of the bath to the other. Although we think of dàrna as meaning “second” eg an dàrna latha dhen mhìos (the second day of the month), thàinig i san dàrna àite (she came in second place), it can be used in the above manner to meaning “the first considered of two things or people”, used in combination with “eile”. Other examples are: fanaidh an dàrna neach air làrach na tubaist, fhad ’ s a gheibh an neach eile taic (the first person will remain at the site of the accident while the other person gets help); cùm thusa an dàrna lethbhreac, agus bheir mise leam an lethbhreac eile (you keep one [the first] copy and I’ll take with me the other copy). But note also the following usage in the Litir: gun robh meadhan na ciad tè siar air Inbhir Nis agus gun robh meadhan na dàrna tè ann an Dabhach Gairbheach(that the epicentre of the first one was west of Inverness and that the epicentre of the second one was in Dochgarroch). Here I used ciad and dàrna rather than dàrna and eile because they represent two events separated by time rather than a choice of two co-existent objects.

Gnàthas-cainnt na Litreach: Ged a tha an aon litreachadh orra : although they share the same spelling.

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Litir do Luchd-ionnsachaidh

This letter corresponds to Tha an Litir seo a’ buntainn ri An Litir Bheag 361

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